Why Is the U.S. State of Tennessee Hot? Causes and Heat Countermeasures

Tennessee, located in the southeastern United States, often experiences summer days with temperatures exceeding 30°C (86°F). The state is particularly known for its high humidity, which creates a muggy and oppressive heat. With numerous mountains and lakes, the climate varies significantly between the plains and the mountainous areas, meaning the “reasons for the heat” and the “cooler spots” differ by region. This article explains in detail why Tennessee gets hot, how to cope with the heat, and where to find cooler places.

1. Causes of Heat in Tennessee

1-1. Humid Southeastern Climate

• Tennessee has a humid subtropical climate, with extremely high humidity in summer. Even when the temperature is around 30–35°C (86–95°F), the heat index can feel close to 40°C (104°F).
• High humidity prevents sweat from evaporating easily, causing heat to be trapped in the body.

1-2. Warm, Moist Air from the Gulf of Mexico

• Warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico flows northward into Tennessee, increasing the mugginess.
• This often leads to afternoon showers or thunderstorms, after which humidity quickly rises again.

1-3. Heat Retention in Inland Areas

• Being an inland state, far from the ocean, heat accumulated during the day tends to linger at night, leading to tropical nights.
• Urban areas such as Nashville and Memphis experience even warmer nights due to the heat island effect.

1-4. Poor Airflow in Non-Mountainous Areas

• The plains in central and western Tennessee have many trees and buildings, which can block airflow and intensify the heat.

2. Heat Countermeasures

2-1. Personal Measures

• Frequently replenish water and electrolytes, especially during outdoor events or farm work.
• Wear breathable clothing, a hat, and use sunscreen.
• Avoid going out during peak heat hours (1–4 p.m.).

2-2. Home Measures

• Use blackout curtains or blinds to block sunlight.
• Combine air conditioning with a dehumidifier to lower humidity and reduce perceived temperature.
• Plant trees or install awnings outdoors to create shade.

2-3. Community Efforts

• During summer, cooling centers (public air-conditioned facilities) are opened to the public.
• In Nashville and Memphis, heat alerts are issued, and public transportation services broadcast safety reminders.

3. Cooler Spots (Summer Retreats)

3-1. Around the Appalachian Mountains

• The Great Smoky Mountains National Park has higher elevations, making mornings and evenings cooler even in summer.
• Gatlinburg and Pigeon Forge are great places to combine sightseeing with cooler weather.

3-2. Eastern Tennessee Highlands

• Areas around the Cherokee National Forest and Lookout Mountain tend to be cooler.
• Many rivers and waterfalls provide naturally refreshing environments.

3-3. Lakes and Riverfronts

• Norris Lake and areas along the Tennessee River are popular for water sports and fishing, offering a chance to cool down.
• Cold spring-fed swimming pools can also be found in various spots.

Summary